Using Psychological Science to Understand and Fight Health Misinformation: An APA Consensus Statement

Sander van der Linden, Dolores Albarracín, Lisa Fazio, Deen Freelon, Jon Roozenbeek, Briony Swire-Thompson, Jay Van Bavel
American Psychologist
October 20, 2025

There is widespread concern that misinformation poses dangerous risks to health, well-being, and civic life. Despite a growing body of research on the topic, significant questions remain about the psychological factors that render people susceptible to misinformation, the extent to which it affects real-world behavior, how it spreadsonline and offline, and intervention strategies that counter and correct misinformation effectively. This report reviews the best available psychological science research to reach consensus on each of these crucial questions, particularly as they pertain to health-related misinformation. In addition, the report offers eight specific recommendations for scientists, policymakers, and health professionals who seek to recognize and respond to misinformation in healthcare and beyond.

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